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A patent is a form of intellectual property that grants its owner exclusive rights to an invention for a limited time, in exchange for publicly disclosing the i
Overview
A patent is a form of intellectual property that grants its owner exclusive rights to an invention for a limited time, in exchange for publicly disclosing the invention's details. With over 3.3 million patents granted in the United States alone since 1790, the patent system has played a crucial role in shaping the course of technological progress, from the steam engine to the smartphone. The World Trade Organization's (WTO) TRIPS Agreement sets a global standard for patent protection, requiring member states to offer patents for new and inventive technologies. As of 2022, the global patent system is valued at over $1.5 trillion, with companies like [[google|Google]], [[apple|Apple]], and [[microsoft|Microsoft]] holding vast portfolios of patents. However, the patent system has also been criticized for its potential to stifle innovation, particularly in fields like [[artificial-intelligence|artificial intelligence]] and [[biotechnology|biotechnology]], where the pace of progress is rapid and the stakes are high.