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The Keystone Pipeline System, operated by TransCanada (now TC Energy), is a crucial oil pipeline network in Canada and the United States, transporting oil from Alberta to refineries in Illinois, Texas, and Oklahoma. With a capacity to deliver up to 700,000 barrels per day, it plays a significant role in the North American energy market. However, its construction and operation have been marred by controversy, sparking debates about environmental concerns, indigenous rights, and energy policy. As of October 1, 2024, the pipeline is owned by South Bow, following TC Energy's spin-off of its liquids business.